Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums comprises of four divisions namely Quality & Productivity Improvement Division (QPI Division), Production & Extension Management Division (PEM Division), Application & Product Development Division (APD Division) and Mechanization & Process Engineering Division (MPE Division).

Quality & Productivity Improvement Division deals with the production aspects of lac exclusively which involves research in  insect improvement as well as host plants. Development of sustainable lac production technologies for the farmers. The Division maintains a Lac host and Lac insect gene bank.The Biotechnology laboratory of Lac Production Division is actively engaged in research on characterization and selection of lac insect genetic stocks and host plant germplasms through molecular approach with an aim to select best productive and qualitative lac insects and host plants.

Production & Extension Management Division is involved in assessment, refinement and dissemination for a wider adoption of research findings. It is a centre for training and education on all aspects of lac and processing and product developments from natural gums and resins. Lac museum of the Division is a unique museum in the world dedicated to lac and its uses. The museum depicts all aspects of lac right from cultivation, lac insect predators, its uses, lac by-products, etc. Samples of lac from all over the world collected are exhibited for the visitors. Besides these the Divisions conducts regular training programme for the farmers, Un- employed rural youth Intermediate or graduates and nominee of GOs & NGOs.

Application & Product Development Division deals with Natural Resins and Gums, refinement in processing, value addition technologies for raw, semi-refined and finished natural resins & gums and their by-products to pilot scale production. Exploring and development of newer applications and products of natural resins and gums. The Quality Evaluation Laboratory of IINRG is IS/ISO 9001:2008 accredited laboratory to render services for collection, analysis, testing and reporting of lac and lac based products.

Mechanization & Process Engineering Division deals with designing and development of machinery for automation of NRG farming and processing and upgrading processing of NRGs by incorporating artificial intelligence, machine learning and advanced robotics. Development of sensor based technologies for rapid detection of content and quality of NRGs. Development of standards and refinement of processing and value addition technologies for NRGs and their by-products to pilot scale production and capacity building, entrepreneurship development and industrial liaison at national and international level. The Division has few pilot plants for research, refinement, training and demonstration on important products. These are used for entrepreneurship development.